In Text Citations:
1. Short quotations of fewer than 40 words:
2. Long Quotations (Block Quotes) longer than 40 words:
Omit quotation marks, start the quotation on a new line, indent five spaces from the left margin:
Jones’s 1993 study found the following:
Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty may have arisen because many students fail to purchase a style manual and they fail to ask their teacher for help. (p.199).
The evidence that Jones gathered…
3. Quoting No Author:
When you cite a work that has no author, no date, and no page numbers use the first few words of the title in quotation marks, then put n.d. for not date.
Ex: In another study of students and research decisions, it was discovered that students
succeeded with tutoring (“Tutoring and APA,” n.d.).
4. Paraphrasing:
5. Citing Personal Communications = email messages, interviews, speeches, telephone conversations (these in-text references are not to appear on the References list at the end of your paper because they are non-retrievable):
Citing References at the End of your Paper:
References
Journal Article with 1 Author:
Simon, A. (2007). Perceptual comparisons through the mind’s eye. Memory and Cognition, 23,
635-647.
Journal Article with 2 Authors:
Becker, M. B., & Rozek, S. J. (1995). Welcome to the energy crisis. Journal of Social Issues, 32,
230-343.
Book with 1 Author:
Paloutzian, R. F. (1996). Invitation to the psychology of religion (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Book with 2 Authors:
Strunk, W., & White, E. B. (1979). The elements of style (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan.
Edited Book:
Letheridge, D., & Cannon, C. R. (Eds.). (1980). Bilingual education. New York: Praeger.
Article / Chapter in an Edited Book:
Shea, J. D. (1996). Religion and sexual adjustment. In J. F. Schumaker (Ed.), Religion and mental
health (pp.70-84). New York: Oxford University Press.
Web document (no date):
Nielsen, M. E. (n.d.). Notable people in psychology of religion. Retrieved August 3, 2006, from
Web document (no author):
Gender and society. (2007). Retrieved December 3, 2006, from http://www.trinity.edu
Journal Article from an Internet-only Journal:
Bergen, D. (2006, Spring). The role of pretend play in children’s cognitive development. Early
Childhood Research & Practice, 4(1). Retrieved February 1, 2004, from http://ecrp.uiuc.edu
Manuals:
American Psychiatric Association. (2004). Diagnostica and statistical manual of mental disorders
(4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: World Book Press.
Click on the links below for information on other citation styles: